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The New Frontiers program is a series of space exploration missions being conducted by NASA with the purpose of researching several of the Solar System's planets including Jupiter, Venus, and the dwarf planet Pluto. NASA is encouraging both domestic and international scientists to submit mission proposals for the project. New Frontiers was built on the innovative approach used by the Discovery and Explorer Programs of principal investigator-led missions. It is designed for medium-class missions that cannot be accomplished within the cost and time constraints of Discovery, but are not as large as Flagship-class missions. There are currently two New Frontiers missions in progress, ''New Horizons'', which launched on January 19, 2006, and ''Juno'', which launched on August 5, 2011; a third New Frontiers mission, OSIRIS-REx, has been selected for launch in 2016. == History == The New Frontiers program was developed and advocated by NASA and granted by Congress in CY 2002 and 2003. This effort was led by two long-time NASA executives at Headquarters at that time: Edward Weiler, Associate Administrator of Science and Colleen Hartman, Solar System Exploration Division Director. The mission to Pluto had already been selected before this program was successfully endorsed and funded, so the mission to Pluto, called ''New Horizons'', was "grandfathered" into the New Frontiers program. The 2003 Planetary Science Decadal Survey from the National Academy of Sciences identified destinations that then served as the source of the first competition for the New Frontiers program. The program name was selected by Hartman based on President John F. Kennedy's speech in 1960, in which he said "We stand, today, on the edge of a New Frontier." Examples of proposed mission concepts include two tranches of several mission concepts based on decadal survey goals.〔(nasa nf )〕 *From ''New Frontiers in the Solar System: An Integrated Exploration Strategy'' * *Kuiper Belt Pluto Explorer (realized in ''New Horizons'') * *Jupiter Polar Orbiter with Probes (led to ''Juno'') * *Venus in Situ Explorer * *Lunar South Pole-Aitken Basin Sample Return Mission * *Comet Surface Sample Return Mission (see also the similar OSIRIS-REx, which is planned for NEO not a comet and also the ESA's ''Rosetta'' spacecraft, which orbits and dropped a lander on a comet in 2014–2015) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「New Frontiers program」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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